The political landscape in Nigeria has long been dominated by men, with women facing systemic challenges in gaining representation at all levels of government. However, 2025 is shaping up to be a year of transformation, as Nigerian women continue to break barriers and push for greater political participation. From the grassroots level to national leadership, women are proving that they have the capability, resilience, and vision to drive change in Nigeria’s democratic space.
Historical Context and Progress
Women’s involvement in Nigerian politics has been historically limited due to cultural norms, societal expectations, and institutional barriers. Since the country’s independence in 1960, female representation in government has remained low, despite efforts to promote gender inclusivity. Notable trailblazers like Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, who was a leading advocate for women’s rights, and Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, who made history as the first female Minister of Finance, have paved the way for a new generation of female leaders.
In recent years, Nigeria has witnessed incremental progress in women’s political participation. The 2019 and 2023 general elections saw an increase in female candidates, although women still held only about 4% of elective positions. Several states have, however, taken steps to implement policies aimed at promoting gender equity in politics, and civil society organizations continue to advocate for women’s empowerment in governance.
Challenges Facing Women in Nigerian Politics
Despite these advancements, Nigerian women continue to face several obstacles in their quest for political representation:
Cultural and Religious Barriers – Deeply ingrained societal beliefs often discourage women from pursuing political careers, with some cultural and religious doctrines reinforcing male dominance in leadership.
Economic Constraints – Political campaigns require substantial financial resources, and women often lack the financial backing needed to compete against their male counterparts.
Political Violence and Intimidation – Female politicians frequently experience threats, harassment, and even physical violence, discouraging many from actively participating in politics.
Limited Party Support – Most political parties in Nigeria remain male-dominated, with women struggling to secure party nominations and leadership positions.
Legal and Policy Limitations – Although Nigeria has signed international agreements promoting gender equality, such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), implementation remains weak. The 35% affirmative action for women in governance is yet to be fully realized.
Women Making Waves in 2025
Amidst these challenges, several women are stepping forward and making significant strides in Nigerian politics in 2025. Here are some notable examples:
- Governorship Aspirants and State Legislators
More women are contesting gubernatorial elections and securing seats in state legislatures. With increasing advocacy for gender parity, political parties are under pressure to field more female candidates, leading to greater female representation at the state level.
- Increased Female Participation in the National Assembly
The 2025 elections have seen a record number of women vying for and winning legislative seats in both the Senate and House of Representatives. This shift is crucial in influencing policy decisions that favor gender equality and social justice.
- Female-Led Political Movements
Women are organizing grassroots movements to challenge the status quo. Organizations such as Women in Politics Forum (WIPF) and ElectHER are providing mentorship, funding, and training for aspiring female politicians, ensuring that they have the tools needed to succeed in the political arena.
- Rising Female Youth Leaders
A new wave of young, dynamic women is emerging in Nigeria’s political scene. These women leverage social media and digital platforms to mobilize support, advocate for policy changes, and engage with the electorate. Their influence is reshaping traditional political structures and making governance more inclusive.
The Role of Policy and Advocacy in Advancing Women’s Political Participation
To ensure sustained progress, key policies and advocacy efforts must be prioritized:
Legislative Reforms: The implementation of gender quotas in political party structures and electoral laws will help increase women’s representation.
Financial Support for Female Politicians: Establishing funds to support female candidates will enable them to run competitive campaigns.
Stronger Political Will: The government must actively enforce existing laws and commitments on gender equality in politics.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Changing societal perceptions about women in leadership requires continuous education and media representation.
Looking Ahead: The Future of Women in Nigerian Politics
While significant strides have been made, the journey toward equal representation in Nigerian politics is far from over. However, the momentum seen in 2025 suggests a promising future where women are not just participants but key decision-makers shaping Nigeria’s political landscape. With continued advocacy, legal reforms, and public support, the dream of a more inclusive and equitable governance system is within reach.
