President Tinubu has been an ambassador of the usage of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses in Nigeria. On the 24th of August, 2024, the President spoke while unveiling some CNG buses in Abuja. Tinubu emphasised the urgent need for Nigeria to utilise its vast natural gas resources in the transportation sector.
The President’s plan is to usher in a new approach to transportation in the country. In his words, “Transportation is an economic necessity for Nigeria.” Shifting from the traditional consumption of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) to the usage of Compressed Natural Gas is a step in the right direction.
CNG vs. PMS: A Comparative Analysis
- Cost Comparison
CNG is significantly cheaper than PMS. Presently, a litre of CNG goes for ₦230, making it about 60% less per unit than petrol, which sells between ₦1,000 and ₦1,500 per litre. This makes CNG a more economical choice for vehicle owners and public transport operators.
Following the removal of fuel subsidies, the cost of PMS has surged dramatically, making it less affordable for the average Nigerian.
- Environmental Impact
CNG burns cleaner, emitting fewer greenhouse gases and pollutants such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. This makes it a more environmentally friendly option.
PMS combustion releases higher levels of carbon emissions and air pollutants, exacerbating environmental degradation and contributing to health problems, especially in densely populated urban areas.
- Vehicle Performance
PMS vehicles generally deliver higher power performance, which is advantageous for heavy-duty or high-speed situations. CNG vehicles burn fuel slower, which may lead to a longer engine lifespan. However, petrol engines are more prone to carbon buildup, which can increase maintenance costs over time.
- Availability and Infrastructure
Infrastructure for CNG, such as refueling stations and conversion centres, is still in its infancy in Nigeria. About 33 of these centres are available, and they are mostly located in urban areas. This poses a challenge for those in rural communities and the outskirts of towns.
Despite government initiatives, the limited number of stations hinders widespread adoption.
Meanwhile, petrol stations are widely available across Nigeria, ensuring convenience for drivers.
- Safety Considerations
CNG is stored in pressurized tanks, which are designed with safety in mind. However, improper handling during refueling or storage could pose risks.
PMS is highly flammable and poses significant fire hazards during handling and storage. Spills can also cause environmental damage.
Both fuels require careful handling and adherence to safety protocols.
The usage of CNG will help Nigeria tap into its abundant natural gas reserves, much of which is currently flared. This will reduce reliance on imported fuel and strengthen the local energy sector.
It offers a more sustainable long-term economic model as the country transitions towards cleaner energy.
While the promise is clear in the CNG value chain, there is still much work to be done in developing Nigeria’s CNG capacity and building a resilient economy.
Ubong Usoro for Nigeria Magazine
